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In this study known as the Swedish Obesity Subjects Study (SOS), the 20 year results were published showing that on average 2010 severely obese patients with an average initial weight of 230-250 lbs lost 18% of their body weight or 45-50lbs up to 20 years after surgery. Patients (2037) who underwent conventional weight loss treatment based on diet and exercise and no significant weight loss at 20 years. It also showed that bariatric surgery was associated with an approximately 30% reduction in cardiovascular related death compared to conventional weight loss treatment. Bariatric surgery was also associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular events. This study adds further support of the long-term durability and superiority of bariatric surgery over conventional diet and exercise based weight loss treatments in patients with severe obesity.